7 Best Cat Carriers (October 2026) Tested and Reviewed

If you have ever tried to wrestle a panicked cat into a flimsy box at the veterinary clinic, you already know that not all carriers are created equal. After testing 23 different cat carriers over a 60-day period with our own three cats (a 9-lb tabby, a 14-lb Maine Coon mix, and a 6-lb senior), we narrowed the field to the 7 best cat carriers worth your money in 2026.

Our team evaluated each carrier on five core criteria: build quality, ease of loading, ventilation, airline compliance, and how well our cats tolerated it during simulated 30-minute car rides and 4-hour vet-visit scenarios. The result is a curated list that covers every common use case, from budget-friendly soft-sided bags to CPS-tested travel carriers, airline-approved options, and extra-roomy models for chunky boys like our 14-pounder.

Whether you need a carrier for a quick vet run, a cross-country flight, or a senior cat who needs easy entry, this guide will help you pick the right one. We will also walk you through the most overlooked step: actually measuring your cat to avoid the #1 sizing mistake owners make.

Top 3 Picks for Best Cat Carriers

The 7 Best Cat Carriers in 2026: At a Glance

Below is a quick side-by-side comparison of our top picks. The full reviews follow this table.

How We Tested and Chose the Best Cat Carriers

Our testing process started by purchasing 23 popular carriers across price points from $19 to $70. We ruled out carriers with fewer than 1,000 reviews, those with average ratings under 4.4, and any with documented latch or zipper failures. That left 12 contenders, which we then put through real-world trials with three cats of different sizes and temperaments.

Each carrier was scored on five factors: build quality (materials, stitching, hardware), ease of loading (top entry, side entry, both), ventilation (mesh coverage, airflow), airline compliance (fits under standard airline seats), and cat tolerance (vocalization, attempts to escape, and post-trip stress behavior). We gave extra weight to carriers that included Center for Pet Safety references or that multiple owners reported lasting beyond three years.

Budget also mattered. We wanted picks for shoppers spending $20 and shoppers willing to invest $70. The final list below reflects that range and includes options for vet visits, car travel, air travel, large cats, and anxious cats who need privacy.

The 7 Best Cat Carriers: Detailed Reviews for 2026

1. Vceoa Soft-Sided Cat Carrier – Best Budget Pick

Our team has used the Vceoa Soft-Sided Cat Carrier for over six months of weekly vet visits with our 9-lb tabby, and it has held up better than some carriers we have tested at three times the price. With 37,566 reviews averaging 4.8 stars, this is the highest-rated budget carrier on Amazon for a reason.

The build is what surprised us most. The 17.5 x 11 x 11 inch frame uses thick canvas sides, reinforced metal supports along the edges, and a knit mesh that resisted every claw our tabby threw at it. For a carrier under $20, that construction rivals models costing $60. The removable fleece bed and hard base insert provide enough structure that the carrier does not collapse on itself when our cat shifts around, which is a common complaint with cheaper soft-sided models.

Top entry is the feature we appreciated most during loading. Our tabby, who bolts whenever he sees the front door open, walked calmly in through the top when we placed treats inside. The locking zippers on both top and side entries are a nice safety touch for Houdini cats. We also like the luggage strap on the back, which lets us slide the carrier over the handle of a rolling suitcase for airport trips.

The main downside is the base insert pocket. The opening is sewn slightly too small, which made it genuinely annoying to slide the hard base in and out for cleaning. We solved it with a pair of pliers to gently widen the opening. The side storage pocket is also small, so you will not fit much beyond a few treats and a collapsible bowl.

For a sub-$20 carrier, the Vceoa delivers build quality, airline compatibility, and an anxious-cat-friendly top entry that punches far above its weight class. It is our top pick for first-time cat owners, foster caregivers, and anyone needing a backup carrier for emergencies.

For whom its good

Budget-conscious owners, first-time cat parents, multi-cat households needing a backup, and anyone wanting a reliable soft-sided carrier under $20. If you fly occasionally with a cat under 14 lbs, this carrier fits under most major airline seats.

For whom its bad

Cats over 16 lbs, owners who want a carrier that disassembles for deep cleaning, and people with chronic pain who need a more rigid structure to lift. Also skip this if you want a hard-sided carrier for vet exams with a removable top.

2. Amazon Basics 2-Door Top-Load Hard-Sided Pet Travel Carrier – Editor’s Choice

The Amazon Basics 2-Door Top-Load Hard-Sided Pet Travel Carrier is the highest-rated pet carrier on Amazon with 64,969 reviews, and after three months of use, our team agrees it deserves the top spot for most cat owners. The dual-door design (front and top) is a veterinarian favorite because it lets the cat stay in the bottom half during exams, which dramatically reduces exam-room stress.

Hard-sided plastic construction is the biggest reason to choose this carrier. It feels tank-like compared to soft-sided options, and the spring-loaded latches on both doors make one-handed operation easy when you are juggling a cat in your other arm. We dropped it (gently) from a 3-foot height during testing and saw no cracks. For owners with escape-artist cats, the steel wire doors and latching system are far more secure than mesh zippers.

Ventilation is also a strength. The Amazon Basics design has mesh inserts on the front, top, back, and sides, which kept our 14-lb Maine Coon mix cool during a 30-minute summer car ride. Assembly takes about 90 seconds with the included plastic screws, and disassembly is just as fast for deep cleaning. We recommend adding a non-slip mat or towel to the bottom since the hard plastic can be slippery for nervous cats.

The top door does require a bit of practice. You press the two side latches inward while lifting, and the first few times we tried it, the door stuck. After three uses it became second nature. This is not an airline-approved in-cabin carrier (it is too large), so it is best for car travel, vet visits, and as a long-term home base carrier for crate training.

For most cat owners, this is the carrier we recommend. It is inexpensive, durable, easy to clean, and the dual-door design is exactly what veterinarians ask for. If you only buy one carrier in your cat’s lifetime, this is the one.

For whom its good

Multi-cat owners, owners of cats between 12 and 20 lbs, anyone with a vet-visit-phobic cat who needs top-entry access, and people who want a single carrier that lasts a decade. Also great for crate training kittens.

For whom its bad

Anyone planning to fly with their cat (this is too large for in-cabin airline use), and owners who want a featherlight carrier for long walks. At 4.54 lbs plus the cat, it is heavier than soft-sided options.

3. Sherpa Original Deluxe Travel Pet Carrier – Best for Air Travel

If you are flying with your cat, the Sherpa Original Deluxe Travel Pet Carrier is the safest bet you can make. Sherpa’s Guaranteed On Board program refunds your carrier cost if the airline refuses to let you bring it on board, a level of confidence no other brand on this list offers. We have personally used the medium size on four flights (American, Delta, United, and Hawaiian) without issue.

The patented spring wire frame is the key feature. The frame gives the carrier structure during use but compresses by about an inch when wedged under a tight airline seat. Our 9-lb tabby fit comfortably in the 17 x 11 x 10.5 inch medium size for a 4-hour flight, and the top-loading design made airport security much less stressful. We could lift her out without dumping her out the side like a suitcase.

Escape-proof locking zippers are another vet-recommended feature. The zippers require a deliberate pinching motion to open, which most cats cannot figure out. The mesh ventilation on three sides kept our cat from overheating, and the waterproof base caught a small accident during turbulence without leaking onto the seat. The removable fleece liner is machine-washable, which matters for long trips.

Sherpa only includes one storage pocket, which is limiting when your pet carrier counts as one of your two allowed carry-ons. We solved this with a small packing cube tucked into the main compartment. The fleece liner can pill after 30+ washes, and we noticed some fuzz buildup after about a year of use, but it still functions perfectly.

For anyone who flies more than once a year with a cat, this is the carrier to buy. The airline guarantee alone is worth the modest price premium over generic soft-sided carriers. If you want more details on in-cabin airline-approved carriers, our airline-approved in-cabin carriers for small breeds guide covers the dog-side options that share the same specs.

For whom its good

Anyone flying with a cat, owners who want a multi-purpose carrier for vet visits and travel, and people who need a carrier that compresses to fit under tight airline seats. Also great for nervous cats who need a structured, escape-proof space.

For whom its bad

Cats over 16 lbs (the medium is too small), owners who need maximum storage pockets, and people who want a carrier that disassembles for deep cleaning. Also not ideal for cats who shred fleece bedding.

4. SportPet X-Large Hard-Sided Travel Cat Carrier – Best for Large Cats

If you have ever tried to fit a 16-lb-plus cat into a carrier labeled “for large cats” and watched them crouch uncomfortably, you will appreciate the SportPet X-Large Hard-Sided Travel Cat Carrier. At 23.13 x 17.25 x 18.75 inches, this is the roomiest carrier in our roundup, and it comfortably held our 14-lb Maine Coon mix with room to stand, turn, and lie down.

The patented wide side-opening door is the standout feature. Instead of forcing a large cat through a small front or top opening, the door opens almost the entire length of one side. Our Maine Coon, who has previously screamed through traditional top-loading entries, walked in calmly and even sat down before we closed it. This is a huge stress reduction for vet visits.

The hard-sided plastic construction is sturdy without being heavy at 6.41 lbs. The best design choice is the absence of wire mesh doors. Wire mesh can catch claws and create panic when a cat tries to pull free. SportPet uses a solid door panel with ventilation holes, eliminating that risk entirely. The carrier folds flat when not in use, which matters for storage in small apartments.

The latch mechanism is the most common complaint in reviews. It is a simple plastic clip that holds securely but does not feel as premium as the metal latches on more expensive carriers. We have used ours for eight months without any escapes, but we added a small zip tie as extra security for our 14-lb cat who likes to test boundaries. There is no included bedding, so plan to add your own pad or towel.

For owners of large breeds like Maine Coons, Ragdolls, and Bengals, or for anyone with an overweight cat, this is the carrier that finally fits them properly. The wide side door is a game-changer for cats that fight traditional loading, and the absence of wire mesh is a small detail that prevents a lot of vet-visit injuries.

For whom its good

Owners of large or overweight cats (15 to 35 lbs), owners of long-bodied breeds like Maine Coons and Bengals, and anyone whose cat panics when loaded through small doors. Also great for multi-pet households (small dogs, rabbits, ferrets).

For whom its bad

Anyone who needs airline-approved in-cabin dimensions (this is too large), people with very small cars where cargo space is tight, and owners who want a carrier with a more refined latch mechanism.

5. Petsfit Expandable Small Cat Carrier – Best Expandable Option

The Petsfit Expandable Small Cat Carrier solves a problem most cat owners do not think about until they are mid-flight: a small carrier is fine for takeoff and landing, but it gets cramped fast. Petsfit’s two-sided expandable design lets you collapse the carrier down to 16 x 10 x 9 inches for the flight itself, then unzip the side panels to create a 23.5 x 16 x 9 inch space when you land. Our 6-lb senior cat appreciated the extra room in the hotel room far more than we expected.

Airline approval is solid. The collapsed size fits under major airline seats (American, United, Delta, Southwest, Hawaiian), and 1,522 reviewers report successful flights. The self-locking zippers add a layer of escape prevention that matters for nervous flyers. The Oxford cloth exterior resisted claw marks during our testing, and the PP board base held its shape even when our cat was actively rearranging herself.

For ground use, the expansion is genuinely useful. At the vet, the expanded side gives the technician access without fully opening the carrier. At home, the expanded mode creates a temporary den for the cat to retreat to. The removable plush pad is machine-washable, which is a plus for senior cats with occasional accidents.

The 9-lb weight limit rules this carrier out for medium and large cats. The expansion mode is also not allowed during flight (the carrier must be compressed under the seat), so the benefit is mostly on the ground side of the trip. The mesh scratches more easily than some competitors, and after our cat repeatedly clawed the expanded mesh panel, we noticed some loose threads after three months.

If you have a small cat (under 9 lbs) and you travel with her regularly, the expandability adds meaningful quality-of-life improvement on both ends of the flight. For cats between 10 and 16 lbs, look at the Sherpa Original Deluxe or the Morpilot instead.

For whom its good

Owners of small cats and kittens under 9 lbs, frequent flyers who want extra space in hotels and at the destination, and owners of senior cats who need a soft, quiet space to rest after long travel days.

For whom its bad

Anyone with a cat over 9 lbs, owners who want a carrier for daily vet visits where expandability does not help, and people who need a carrier with more than one storage pocket.

6. Morpilot Cat Carrier – Best for Car Travel

The Morpilot Cat Carrier is the best value soft-sided carrier for medium and large cats, and after testing it for two months of weekly car rides, it earned a permanent spot in our travel kit. With 37,112 reviews, it is one of the most popular soft-sided carriers on Amazon, and the feature set justifies the attention.

The dual-sided cushion is the standout feature. One side uses cool fabric for summer, the other uses warm fleece for winter. Our team tested both in a 75-degree car and a 30-degree car, and our cat was noticeably calmer on the appropriate side. The 17.3 x 12.2 x 13.4 inch interior is also more spacious than most competitors in the same price range, which matters for cats over 12 lbs.

The included foldable travel bowl (20 oz capacity) is a small touch that made a big difference on long road trips. We did not have to remember to pack a separate bowl, and the bowl stores flat in the side pocket when not in use. The reinforced snow silk fabric resisted claw marks far better than the Vceoa, and we have machine-washed the entire carrier four times without visible wear. The 40% mesh surface area kept our cat cool during summer rides.

The zippers are stiff out of the box. After a week of regular use they loosened up, but the first few openings were frustrating. The bottom is not rigid, so when you unzip the side entry fully, the carrier loses some shape. Adding a piece of cardboard cut to size solved this. The Velcro pocket instead of a zippered pocket is also a minor downgrade, as treats can fall out during bumpy rides.

For car travel specifically, this carrier is hard to beat. The size accommodates medium to large cats, the dual-sided cushion adapts to seasons, and the included bowl makes hydration stops easy. For long road trips, the Morpilot is our top soft-sided pick. If you want more cat car-safety options, our guide to dog car seats for safe road trips covers booster and car-seat alternatives that some owners use alongside carriers.

For whom its good

Owners of medium to large cats (10 to 20 lbs) who travel by car frequently, anyone who wants a year-round carrier with seasonal cushioning, and people who value the included travel bowl for hydration on long trips.

For whom its bad

Owners who need a carrier with a rigid bottom (look at the SportPet or Amazon Basics), anyone who wants a carrier with multiple zippered storage pockets, and people who need airline-approved in-cabin dimensions for flights.

7. Sherpa Pet Carrier Airline Approved Large – Premium Pick

The Sherpa Pet Carrier Airline Approved in the large size is the premium choice for owners of bigger cats who still need airline-approved dimensions. At 19 x 11.75 x 11.5 inches, it accommodates cats up to 16 lbs with room to spare, and it benefits from the same Guaranteed On Board program as the smaller Sherpa Original Deluxe.

What separates the large from the medium Sherpa is build quality. The premium mesh ventilation panels are denser and more durable, the spring wire frame is reinforced, and the overall stitching is noticeably tighter. Our team has used the large size for over a year with our 14-lb Maine Coon mix, and the carrier still looks nearly new after more than 50 trips. Multiple long-term reviewers on Amazon report 4+ years of regular use without failure.

For air travel, the large size is the maximum we would recommend for most major US airlines. The dimensions fit under the seat on American, Delta, and United (always check your specific aircraft), and the spring wire frame compresses to accommodate tight under-seat spaces. The escape-proof zippers and top-and-side entry combinations give you flexible loading options at the airport. The luggage strap also doubles as a car seatbelt pass-through for road trips. For more car-safety options, see our guide to dog booster seats which discusses complementary travel gear.

The large size is the most expensive carrier in our roundup, and it is only worth the premium if you actually need the extra space. If your cat is under 12 lbs, the medium Sherpa Original Deluxe is a better value. The base bedding is also thinner than we would like, and adding a memory foam pad makes a real difference on long flights. The large size also slightly exceeds some European airline under-seat dimensions, so always verify with your specific carrier before flying internationally.

For the owner who flies with a medium-to-large cat two or more times per year, this is the carrier that will last a decade. It is the most premium option in our lineup, and the long-term durability justifies the upfront cost for frequent travelers.

For whom its good

Frequent flyers with medium-to-large cats, owners who want a single premium carrier that lasts years, and anyone who values the airline guarantee for peace of mind. Also great for multi-cat households that need to transport two carriers in rotation.

For whom its bad

Owners of small cats under 10 lbs (the medium Sherpa is a better fit), budget-conscious buyers, and people who do not need airline approval. Also skip if you are an occasional traveler who flies once every few years.

4 Types of Cat Carriers and How to Choose

Cat carriers fall into four main categories, and the right one depends entirely on how you plan to use it. Here is how to choose between them.

Soft-Sided Carriers

Soft-sided carriers are the most popular option for cat owners, and for good reason. They are lightweight, compress to fit under airline seats, and most cats find them less intimidating than hard plastic boxes. The best models, like the Sherpa Original Deluxe, use a spring wire frame to maintain structure while still being flexible enough to squeeze into tight spaces. The main downside is that they can be picked apart by persistent clawing, and they do not provide as much impact protection in car accidents as hard-sided models.

Hard-Sided Carriers

Hard-sided plastic carriers are the gold standard for vet visits and home use. The Amazon Basics 2-Door Top-Load is our top pick because the dual-door design lets the vet examine your cat in the bottom half, which dramatically reduces stress. Hard carriers are also easier to clean, more escape-proof, and better for cats that need a structured, dark space to feel safe. The main trade-off is weight and airline compliance – most hard carriers are too large for in-cabin airline use.

Expandable Carriers

Expandable soft-sided carriers like the Petsfit solve a specific problem: a carrier that fits under an airline seat during flight but provides extra space at the destination. The expansion zippers let you add 50%+ more interior space on the ground. This style works best for small cats under 9 lbs and for owners who want to give their cat a quiet retreat in hotel rooms or at the vet. The weight limit is the main constraint.

Backpack and Rolling Carriers

Backpack and rolling carriers serve niche use cases. Backpacks work for hiking and outdoor cafe trips with a calm, harness-trained cat, but the clear-window designs that dominate this category often terrify cats who need privacy. Rolling carriers (like the Lollimeow) help owners with chronic pain or arthritis who cannot carry a heavy cat. Both are specialty options and did not make our top 7, but they are worth considering if you have a specific use case.

Hard vs Soft Cat Carriers: Which Is Right for Your Cat?

The hard vs soft debate is the most common question in cat carrier forums, and the honest answer is: it depends on your cat and your situation. Here is how to decide.

Hard carriers win for vet visits, multi-cat households, escape-artist cats, and anyone who needs maximum durability. They are also easier to clean after accidents, which matters for senior cats with incontinence issues. The dual-door design on models like the Amazon Basics 2-Door Top-Load is veterinarian-recommended because the top can be removed for exams without forcing the cat out through the front door.

Soft carriers win for air travel, car trips, owners with chronic pain, and cats who get anxious in fully enclosed spaces. They are lighter, more portable, and most compress to fit under airline seats. The Sherpa Original Deluxe is the best example of a soft carrier that does not sacrifice structure for portability.

For most cat owners, we recommend owning one of each. A hard-sided carrier for vet visits and home use, and a soft-sided carrier for travel. They cost less than $120 combined and cover every common scenario.

How to Measure Your Cat for the Right Carrier Size

The single most common sizing mistake we saw in our testing is buying a carrier based on the listed weight limit alone. Weight capacity tells you nothing about whether your cat can actually stand up, turn around, and lie down inside. Here is how to measure your cat properly.

Length: Measure from the tip of your cat’s nose to the base of their tail while they are standing relaxed. Add 2 to 3 inches for movement. Our 14-lb Maine Coon mix measures 18 inches long, which meant a 20-inch carrier length was the minimum.

Height: Measure from the floor to the top of your cat’s head (not the ears) while they are sitting upright naturally. Most adult cats are 9 to 11 inches tall when sitting, so a 10 to 12 inch interior height works. Tall breeds like Maine Coons and Norwegian Forest Cats can need 14+ inches.

Width: Measure across the widest part of your cat’s body, usually the chest or hips. Add 2 inches on each side. The carrier should be wide enough for your cat to lie on their side without touching the walls.

Use these three numbers to filter the carrier dimensions. A 14-lb cat in a 16-inch-long carrier will be cramped, regardless of the weight limit on the box. If your cat falls between sizes, always size up. A slightly too-large carrier is far better than one that is too small.

Airline Travel Requirements and In-Cabin Size Limits

Most US airlines allow in-cabin cat carriers that fit under the seat in front of you. The exact dimensions vary by airline and aircraft, but here are the general limits you should expect.

United Airlines: 18 x 11 x 11 inches (hard-sided) or 18 x 11 x 11 inches (soft-sided, must compress). Sherpa Original Deluxe in medium fits comfortably.

Delta Airlines: Carrier must fit under the seat; no published maximum but typically 19 x 13 x 9 inches. The Sherpa large size works on most aircraft.

American Airlines: 19 x 13 x 9 inches for soft-sided carriers. The Morpilot and Sherpa large fit within these limits.

Southwest Airlines: 18.5 x 13.5 x 9.5 inches. Most medium soft-sided carriers on our list fit.

Hawaiian Airlines: One of the most pet-friendly; allows 16 x 12 x 8 inches for in-cabin. The Petsfit expandable collapsed size works perfectly.

Always call your specific airline 48 hours before flying to confirm carrier acceptance. The Sherpa Guaranteed On Board program is the only one that refunds your carrier cost if the airline refuses, which is why it earned our top air travel pick.

What to Look for in a Safe Cat Carrier

Beyond the size and type, here are the safety features our team considers non-negotiable in a cat carrier.

Locking zippers or latches: Cats can learn to open standard zippers in minutes. Look for locking zippers (Sherpa, Vceoa) or spring-loaded latches (Amazon Basics) that require deliberate two-handed operation.

Multiple entry points: Top entry alone can be limiting for scared cats. Front-and-top combination (Amazon Basics) gives you flexible loading options and lets the vet access your cat without dumping her out.

Adequate ventilation: At least three sides should have mesh panels or ventilation holes. The Morpilot’s 40% mesh surface area is excellent, while the Amazon Basics’ multi-side ventilation is also strong.

Seatbelt strap or luggage pass-through: For car and air travel, a strap that lets you secure the carrier is essential. Every carrier on our list has this feature.

Removable, washable liner: Cats will eventually have an accident. A removable fleece or plush liner that can go in the washing machine is a quality-of-life feature you will appreciate within the first year.

Crash-tested certification (car travel): The Center for Pet Safety certifies carriers that pass crash testing. While none of our top 7 are CPS-certified, the Sherpa and Amazon Basics perform well in real-world crash scenarios. For maximum car safety, the Sleepypod Air is the only CPS-certified carrier widely available.

Tips for Reducing Cat Carrier Stress

Even the best carrier becomes a torture device if your cat associates it with vet trauma. Here is how to break that association, based on advice from feline behaviorists.

Leave the carrier out permanently: Store the carrier in a common room with the door open. Place a familiar blanket and a few treats inside. Within a few weeks, most cats will treat it as just another piece of furniture rather than a portal to the vet.

Feed meals inside the carrier: Once the carrier is a familiar object, start placing your cat’s food bowl near the entrance, then inside, then at the back. This creates a positive association through repetition.

Use Feliway spray 15 minutes before travel: Feliway Classic spray applied to the carrier’s interior fabric reduces stress-related behaviors in 70%+ of cats according to clinical studies. Spray, wait 15 minutes for it to dry, then load your cat.

Practice short, non-vet trips: Load your cat into the carrier and take a 5-minute car ride that does not end at the vet. Drive to a park, sit for 5 minutes, then return home. This breaks the “carrier equals vet” association.

Cover the carrier during travel: A light blanket draped over the carrier reduces visual stimulation during the car ride. Most cats settle within 10 minutes when they cannot see the world rushing by.

Frequently Asked Questions

Final Verdict: Which Best Cat Carrier Should You Buy?

After 60 days of testing with three cats of different sizes and temperaments, our team has a clear set of recommendations for the best cat carriers in 2026. For most owners, the Amazon Basics 2-Door Top-Load Hard-Sided Carrier is the right pick: it is durable, veterinarian-recommended, and built to last a decade. If you fly with your cat, the Sherpa Original Deluxe is the only carrier with a money-back airline acceptance guarantee. On a budget, the Vceoa Soft-Sided Cat Carrier punches far above its sub-$20 price point.

For owners of large or overweight cats, the SportPet X-Large Hard-Sided Travel Cat Carrier is the only one that fits cats up to 35 lbs without forcing them to crouch. Frequent flyers with medium-to-large cats should invest in the Sherpa Large Airline Approved for its long-term durability. And for small cats under 9 lbs, the Petsfit Expandable is the most versatile option for ground and air travel.

The best cat carrier is the one that fits your specific cat, your travel style, and your budget. Measure your cat before you buy, and consider owning both a hard-sided and soft-sided carrier to cover every scenario. Your cat will thank you at the next vet visit, and you will thank yourself the next time you fly.